A new project of the National Library of Belarus is dedicated to the Great Patriotic War – "Reading newspaper lines with your heart. On the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Belarus from the Nazi invaders."Mozyr and Kalinkovichi were released. Trophies of the Red Army. 20 years since the death of V.I. Lenin. "Vesuvius" match factory. Restoration of education.
Every week from January to August 2024, the portal of the National Library publishes materials from newspapers of Soviet Belarus in 1944, reflecting the chronicle of news and events of that time.
The main news of the Savetskaya Belarus newspaper published on January 17 (No. 7) is the liberation of the Mozyr regional center and the Kalinkovichi railway junction. In the Order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief I. Stalin, General of the Army Konstantin Rokossovsky was thanked by the troops.
Below in the same column are listed enemy losses and trophies of the 1st Ukrainian Front troops during the offensive period (December 24, 1943 - January 13, 1944) Enemy losses amounted to: 2,204 tanks, 1,174 guns, 17 troop trains, 27 warehouses with ammunition, weapons and food, about 100,000 killed. The trophies of our army amounted to 316 tanks, 902 guns, 3 troop trains with cargo, 230 warehouses, 3,662 horses and others. More than 7,000 prisoners were also taken. The operational summary for January 15 and 16 indicates that the enemy lost 102 aircraft.
On January 17, "the troops of the Leningrad Front broke through the main line of enemy defense. The German command began withdrawing its troops" ("1418 days of the Great Patriotic War", Minsk, 2005, p. 287), the end of the blockade of the city on the Neva was approaching.
Soldiers of Commander Fedorov's unit are fighting during the breakout of the siege of Leningrad. Photos from the "Images of War" resource.
In the newspapers published on January 21, materials related to V.I. Lenin were placed on the front pages.
Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (April 22, 1870 – January 21, 1924) was an outstanding statesman, one of the leaders of the world communist movement, revolutionary, theorist and practitioner of the revolutionary social movement that led to the creation of the world's first socialist state, and had a tremendous impact on world social processes.
More and more new enterprises were restoring their work.
The first batch of matches was produced at the Novobelitskaya “Vesuvius” match factory, known before the war and outside the BSSR, in early January 1944.
An interesting fact! During the days of retreat, workers buried 465 cans of phosphorus in the factory, a scarce raw material for the production of matches. The old cadre worker Dobrovolsky knew about this, who, despite cruel interrogations and prison, kept a secret from the Germans. When the area was liberated, he showed the storage sites to our authorities (Savetskaya Belarus, No. 7.)
"Vesuvius" match factory was founded in Novaya Belitsa, a suburb of Gomel, in 1879. On its basis, in 1932, a woodworking plant was created, which produced furniture, parquet, carts. It included a power plant, a mechanical repair shop, and steam dryers. By 1934, a settlement for a working collective of one thousand people was built, two boarding schools, a canteen; a training school was opened. In 1941, before the war, the plant began to produce skis for airplanes, paramilitary baggage trains, and shell boxes. With the outbreak of war, hundreds of workers went to the front, the company was evacuated to Stalingrad. After the liberation of Gomel (November 26, 1943), the production of lumber, window blocks, and school desks resumed; in parallel, the territory of the plant was cleared, workshops were built and equipment was installed, which returned from Stalingrad. Now Gomeldrev Open Joint Stock Company is one of the leading furniture manufacturing enterprises in the Republic of Belarus.
The Novobelitsky district of the city of Gomel was established in 1940.
In Rechitsa, the brick factory "Dayproyski Tsaglyanik", destroyed by the Germans, began to restore its work, which by the 25th anniversary of the BSSR launched a pottery workshop for the production of dishes and has already handed over bowls, decanters, plates, mugs to shops (Savetskaya Belarus, No. 8).
It is planned to hold meetings of teachers in all liberated areas to discuss issues of education, the restoration of schools and children's institutions, the international situation and the study of Comrade Stalin's book "On the Great Patriotic War [of the Soviet Union]" (Savetskaya Belarus, No. 7). 78 thousand textbooks for all grades have already been received in these areas, and visual aids were planned to be sent in the near future (Savetskaya Belarus, No. 7).
During the war, there were not enough specialists in all sectors of the economy. Therefore, many topical issues were covered on newspaper pages and in small-format books published during the war years. Thus, the newspaper "Za Radzimy" (No. 20) published an article about the disease of horses with scab and specific measures to combat it. The National Library has several dozen books on horse care in diseases and in various conditions: in battle, on a campaign, in preparation for agricultural work.
Victory was steadily approaching in big and small steps.
There were still 32 weeks left before the release…
The material was prepared by L.G. Tupchienko-Kadyrova,
Candidate of Historical Sciences, chief bibliographer
of the Information and Analytical Department.Источники
Источники/Sources:
Газеты/Newspapres:
- Віцебскі рабочы : орган Віцебскага Абласнога і Гарадскога Камітэтаў КП(б)Б, Абласнога і Гарадскога Саветаў Дэпутатаў Працоўных, 1944, № 5.
- За радзіму : орган Магілёўскага абласнога і гарадскога КП Беларусі і абласнога і гарадскога Савета дэпутатаў працоўных, 1944, № 20.
- За радзіму, 1944, № 21.
- Калгаснік Капыльшчыны : орган Капыльскага райкома КП Беларусі і раённага Савета дэпутатаў працоўных, 1944, № 4.
- Савецкая Беларусь : орган ЦК КП(б) Беларусі, Саўнаркома і Прэзідыума Вярхоўнага Савета БССР, 1944, № 7.
- Савецкая Беларусь, 1944, № 8.
- Сталінец: орган Грэскага райкома КП Беларусі і раённага Савета дэпутатаў працоўных, 1944, № 4.
- Сталінец: 1944, № 5.
- Сталин, И. В. О Великой Отечественной войне Советского Союза / И. Сталин. – Изд. 3-е. – М. : ОГИЗ, Гос. изд-во полит. лит., 1943. – 98, [1] с. :
- Сталин, И. В. О Великой Отечественной войне Советского Союза : [Доклады, речи, выступления и приказы]. – Изд. 3-е. – М. : Госполитиздат, 1943. – 296 с.; 1 вкл. л. портр.
- 1418 дней Великой Отечественной войны : хронология событий : [солдату Великой Отечественной посвящается / сост. Е. В. Малашевич ; науч. ред.: Е. И. Барановский, Г. И. Баркун ; фото: В. В. Харченко]. – Минск : Мастац. літ., 2014. – 421, [1] с.
Гречкин, П. Ф. Мы возродим тебя, родной Сталинград! [Изоматериал] : 1917—1947 : «Я знаю город будет, Я знаю саду цвесть, Когда такие люди В стране советской есть!» (В. Маяковский) : [плакат] / художник П. Ф. Гречкин. – Сталинград : Сталинград. книгоиздательство, 1947 (Тип. Обл. упр. издательств и полиграфии). – 1 л.
