On April 9, a bibliographic lesson "Brest Fortress-hero” from the cycle of classes “Let's try to be worthy of their Great Victory”, implemented by the National Library of Belarus for the 80th anniversary of the Great Victory jointly with the Departments of education of Minsk, was held for pupils of the 5th grade of the patriotic orientation of the secondary school No. 24 of Minsk.
Fifth-graders leafed through the pages of the fates of musical Gavroches and the Valya girl from the Brest Fortress, simultaneously studying the information potential of the National Library of Belarus. They learned how to order and where to get literature about the Brest Fortress, which secret section of the topographic file stores biographies of the defenders of the citadel, what types of documents exist and how they differ from each other, what important information the title pages and the contents of the book “Little soldiers of the great war”-Valya Zenkina, Petya Klypa, Kolya Novikov, Volodya Kazmin, Volodya Izmailov, Petya Kotelnikov from the pages of printed publications passed on the Covenant to the younger generation to protect and protect the peaceful sky of Belarus.
Methodological techniques used during the classes: a minute of silence, audio accompaniment, poetry reading, excursion, information message, presentation, search by subgroups of exhibits at exhibitions dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the Great Victory, a conversation about the books “Little Soldiers of the Great War" (2019) and “Kolya Novikov. Gavroshi of the Brest Fortress " (D. Kovalenko, 2020), bibliographic review of literature, handout for independent work.
During the inspection of the exhibition project "Autographs of courage", attention was focused on the work “Heroic defense of the Brest Fortress”, paintings by Ivan Akhremchik “Defenders of the Brest Fortress” (1957-1958) and Petr Durchin “Brest Fortress" (1957). At the exhibition “Language of military illustration”, fifth graders determined the location of German helmets, a radio receiver, binoculars of the commissioner of the partisan brigade of the Minsk region in a case and captured binoculars of the Wehrmacht land forces of the Carl Zeiss company, a Kodak camera, a painting by Yuri Zaitsev ”Defenders of Brest". With the song "Brest Trumpeter" (music by V. Rubin, lyrics by B. Dubrovin) the children went up to the classroom and honored the memory of the heroes of the Brest fortress with a minute of silence.
On the pages of pictorial documents, schoolchildren saw (from the archives of the photo chronicle) the four thousandth garrison of the Brest fortress, surrounded on all sides by the enemy, postcards – Valya Zenkina (S. Bondar, 1968, 1990), “For Military Merit” (P. Smukrovich, 1954), reproductions of the set “Defenders of the citadel over the Bug" (P. Durchin, 1985), the 1941 border guards of the Brest fortress of the 5th outpost of the 17th border detachment from the set of photographs “The struggle of the Belarusian people against the Nazi invaders" (there is no publication date).
Valya Zenkina made her way to the Brest fortress under heavy fire on the orders of the Nazis to convey the demand to surrender. Having given the Red Army information about the deployment of German troops, she remained in the fortress. She bandaged the wounded, made sorties for ammunition, stuffed machine gun belts. After being captured, she went underground, helped Soviet soldiers escape from camps, and became a nurse of the I.V. Stalin partisan brigade of the Brest compound. She was awarded the Orders of the Red Star and the Patriotic War of the first degree, medals For the Victory over Germany and Partisan of the Patriotic War of the first degree For bravery and courage shown during the Great Patriotic War.
Petya Klypa was a pupil of the musician platoon of the 333rd Infantry Regiment of the Brest Fortress, whose commander was his older brother. He was a fearless scout and a liaison. During another sortie, he discovered a composition with medicines and delivered medicines and bandages to the wounded. More than once he went down to the river and returned from there with water to the thirsty defenders.
On the second day of the citadel defense, Petya, along with his inseparable friend Kolya Novikov, discovered an ammunition depot. The Red Army called Kolya a “lucky” and when the boys returned from their assignment, they said:”You are so lucky." And grandma Anya said: "You, Kolya, are protected by the Cross of the Lord protects and prayers" And indeed, under heavy fire, Kolya was saved by the cross he was holding on to.…
The fighters took care of the brave lucky Gavroche, but he refused to evacuate and fought on an equal basis with adults – participated in bayonet attacks, shot at the Nazis with a pistol. While in captivity, he threatened with his fist a German cameraman who was filming prisoners and was severely beaten for it. Petya Klypa was awarded by the Order of the Patriotic War I degree, is the prototype of Sasha Akimov, one of the main characters of the film “Brest Fortress”, shot in 2010 by director Alexander Kot.
After the death of his parents, Volodya Kazmin was raised in an orphanage and played in an orchestra. The Great Patriotic War found a pupil-musician of the brass band of the 44th Infantry Regiment of the Brest Fortress in the barracks of the citadel. During the Defense Days, he took care of the wounded in the "hospital" located in the former stables. For his participation in the defense of the Brest fortress, he was awarded the Order of the Red Star.
Since the autumn of 1940, Pyotr Kotelnikov has been a pupil of the musician platoon of the 44th Infantry Regiment of the 42nd Infantry Division of the Western Special Military District. In May 1945, he graduated from 5 grades of school, and in June, along with adults, he stood up for the defense of the Brest fortress. He was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War II degree for the defense of the Brest fortress. He made a great contribution to the preservation of the historical memory of the heroes of the Great Patriotic War. He was one of the active participants in the patriotic and moral education of young people on the example of the defenders of the Brest fortress.
After the bombing of the fort on June 29, 1941, Volodya Izmailov, was captured and was in stalag No. 307 Byala Podlaski. After escaping, he lived in the occupied territory in the village of Saki in the Jabinkovsky district of the Brest region, and then in the village of Zhinkovichi in the Nesvizh district of the Baranovichi region. In 1942, he was captured again and sent to forced labour in Germany. He was released in August 1945.
Fifth graders demonstrated a good knowledge of the history of the Great Patriotic War and its heroes. Poems about the Brest Fortress “The childhood shot by the war” by Alexandra Frantseva, a juvenile prison of fascism, awarded Victory medals of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation, “In Brest Fortress” (Nikolai Goncharov, Raduga, 1984, No. 2, p. 6), “Let's be silent together” (V. Makarevich, 2015), etc. read by Maria Shalava, Miroslava Kindel, Denis Kharitonik, Artyom Shkel, David Sakovich, Maria Bondarenko, Vera Listopad.
The bibliographic review of literature for children of secondary school age included books about the Brest Fortress and children of war: Sergey Smirnov's “We are from Brest” (1972) and “Brest Fortress” (1969), “Children of the fortress” (A. Makhnach, 1973), Pavel Gustinets's “The War of Girl Sasha” (2020) and “A Star above the Heart” (2023), “Stolen Childhood” (N. Pisarenko, 2021), “Next to my Parents" (A. Mazurova, 1991), "Belarusian schoolchildren-heroes of the Great Patriotic War“ (D. Kashevar, 2023), ”Little Soldiers of the Great War"(2019), Kolya Novikov. “Gavroshi of the Brest Fortress” (D. Kovalenko, 2020), etc.
The cycle of classes "Let's try to be worthy of their Great Victory", dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the Great Victory, includes bibliographic lessons: "Reference literature about the Heroes of the Great Patriotic War", "Internationalist soldiers in the liberation of Belarus from Nazi invaders", "Brest Hero – Fortress ", "Heroes of the Soviet Union who liberated Belarus: on the pages of printed documents and electronic resources", "Biographical and bibliographic information about the Hero of the Soviet Union Mamadali Topvaldiyev".
You can order a full cycle or a separate lesson by phone: (37517) 293 27 40, (37529) 198 41 83.
E-mail: polunchenkoolga@yandex.by
The material was prepared by Department of Reference and Information Services.
